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Lesson 5

The Middle Ages

The distinction between the Church and State became blurred during the Middle Ages.

Catechism Connections

Lesson Topics
Church History Evangelization Heresies Marian Teachings
Essential Lessons
Lesson Vocabulary

  • Iconoclasts
    :
    (n.): Those opposed to the veneration of icons. Iconoclasm reached a peak in 730 when Byzantine emperor Leo III banned what he believed was worship of icons. Their veneration was restored in 843.
  • Battle of Tours
    :
    (n.): A decisive battle in 732 near Poitiers, France, in which the Franks, led by Charles Martel, defeated the Muslim army, stopping their farther advance into Western Europe.
  • Carolingian Renaissance
    :
    (n.): A time of renewed cultural activity in Europe presided over by Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne, who promoted intellectual pursuits, music, and a clearer system of writing.
  • Holy Roman Empire
    :
    (n.): The term used to describe the unification of various Western and Central European kingdoms under the rule of a single emperor, which was fashioned as the restoration of the Western Empire. Its establishment freed the pope from the authority and influence of the Byzantine emperor in Western Europe. Pope Leo III crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor, Charlemagne, on Christmas Day, 800. The Holy Roman Empire ruled over various lands in Europe until 1806.
  • Excommunication
    :
    (n.): The exclusion of someone from reception of the Sacraments and participation in the Church in order that the person can correct their ways and return. Excommunication is the most severe ecclesiastical penalty. Except for when in danger of death, absolution may only be granted by the pope to a person who has been excommunicated from the Church. From Latin ex, or out of, and communio, communion.
  • Filioque
    :
    (n.): Latin for "and from the Son." A term used to refer to the Roman Catholic understanding that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and from the Son (as opposed to from the Father alone, as professed by Eastern Christians.) Disagreement over the Filioque was one root of the Great Schism and Western Christianity.
  • Great Schism
    :
    (n.): The separation of Eastern Christians from the Catholic Church in 1054. The Eastern churches became known as the Orthodox Church.
  • Icon
    :
    (n.): A painting of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, or a Saint, typically on wood. More than a style of art, icons are intended to reflect a spiritual reality through the use of symbols. Icons are especially venerated in Eastern Churches.
  • Iconostasis
    :
    (n.): A wall or screen of icons between the nave and sanctuary of a Church, signifying the place where the human and divine meet. Used especial in Eastern liturgies, both Catholic and Orthodox.
  • Infallibility
    :
    (n.): The Charism of being infallible (incapable of error) in matters of faith and morals.
  • Immaculate Conception
    :
    The dogma of the Church that teaches that the Virgin Mary was conceived without the stain of Original Sin so that she could bear the Son of God within her. Mary was prepared by God to be a holy vessel for our salvation. (508, 744)
  • Scholasticism
    :
    (n.): An intellectual method originating in medieval Europe that sought to integrate classical philosophy and Christian thought in order to understand and explain revealed truths.
  • College of Cardinals
    :
    (n.): The ecclesiastical body comprising all of the cardinals of the Church, which advises the pope and selects his successor.
  • Lay Investiture
    :
    (n.): The historical practice of secular authorities appointing religious officials.
  • Evangelization
    :
    (n.): The act of sharing the Good News of the Gospel message of salvation. At the command of Jesus, the Church’s mission is to evangelize the whole world.

    • Plan

    Chapter Powerpoint
    pptx
    Vocabulary Review
    pdf
    Vocabulary Review Answer Key
    pdf

    Teach

    Ecce Homo (ca. 1871)
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    Icon of the Holy Trinity (1425-1427)
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    How Do they Choose the Pope
    Pope Francis Election Video

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