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Lesson 8

The Plague and the Schism

After constant war, plague, and famine, the Middle Ages closed a tumultuous chapter in world history with a hopeful outlook toward the future.

Lesson Vocabulary

  • Interdict
    :
    (n.): An official prohibition, for example in Canon law it is one issued by ecclesiastical authority that excludes the faithful from participating in the liturgy of the Church, the Sacraments (except in a situation of grave need), and/or ecclesiastical burial.
  • Papal Bull
    :
    (n.): An official papal letter or pronouncement. The term bull comes from the Latin bulla ("knob" or "seal") for the papal seal to the document.
  • Babylonian Captivity
    :
    (n.): The name for the period of exile and captivity of the people of Judah in Babylon after they were conquered by the Babylonians in 586 BC. It became a time of great renewal of Jewish faith and culture as the people rediscovered the faith of their ancestors, resurrected ancient feasts and prayers, and devoted themselves to the study of Scripture.
  • Bubonic Plague
    :
    (n.): The deadly disease, also known as the Black Death, which arrived in Europe on merchant ships from Asia in 1347 and spread across the continent in waves, eventually killing 20 million people, or one out of every three Europeans. The disease especially affected the clergy who cared for the sick.
  • Antipope
    :
    (n.): A person claiming the title of pope in opposition to the one generally understood to have been legitimately chosen.
  • Council of Pisa
    :
    (n.): An unlawful council convened in 1409 in an attempt to end the Great Western Schism, but which ultimately failed and only inflamed the situation with the election of a third claimant to the papacy supported by neither side of the dispute.
  • Council of Constance
    :
    (n.): An ecumenical council held from 1414 to 1418 which ended the Western Schism and elected Pope Martin V.
  • Great Western Schism
    :
    (n.): The period from 1378 to 1417 when there were two, and later three, men claiming to be pope.
  • The Imitation of Christ
    :
    (n.): The widely acclaimed devotional book by Thomas a Kempis, composed c. 1418-1427.
  • Hundred Years' War
    :
    (n.): A series of wars between England and France which lasted over a century, from 1337-1453, and in which England lost almost all of its French lands.
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