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Lesson 11

The Council of Trent and the Counter-Reformation

The Council of Trent reaffirmed and again definitively established some of the principles that the Catholic Church had always taught such as the true sacrifice of the Mass, Christ’s Real Presence in the Eucharist through Transubstantiation, the canon of Scripture, and that we are justified by the grace of God, our good works also merit grace, and that grace is communicated through the Sacraments.

Catechism Connections

Lesson Topics
Church History Religious Life
Essential Lessons
Lesson Vocabulary

  • The Tridentine Mass
    :
    (n.): The official Eucharistic Liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church as promulgated by the Council of Trent in 1570 through 1969. Tridentine is from the Latin Tridentinus, meaning "related to the city of Tridentum" (or Trent, Italy). The Tridentine Mass is still offered daily throughout the world and is known as the Extraordinary Form of the Mass.
  • Counter-Reformation
    :
    The name given to the Church’s efforts to bring home separated Christians in the aftermath of the Protestant Reformation.
  • Nepotism
    :
    (n.): The practice of granting unmerited favor or preferential treatment to family members.
  • Montserrat
    :
    (n.): Mountain and site of a Benedictine Abbey in Catalonia, Spain, where a statue of Our Lady has been venerated for centuries, including notably by St. Ignatius of Loyola in 1522.
  • Spiritual Exercises
    :
    (n.): A compilation of meditations, contemplations, and prayers written by St. Ignatius of Loyola. Originally developed for silent retreats aimed at discerning vocations to religious life, in modern times laypeople have taken up Ignatius's Expertise as a way of deepening their relationship with God.
  • Society of Jesus
    :
    (n.): A Roman Catholic religious order founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola and companions in 1534, with the goals of the Counter Reformation. Alongside professing the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, its members profess a fourth vow of obedience to the pope regarding missions. More commonly known as the Jesuits.
  • Carmelite Order
    :
    (n.): A Roman Catholic Religious Order founded in the late 12th Century, which had fallen into worldly sin by the time of the Counter Reformation. Notably reformed by St. Teresa of Avila, whose communities were known as discalced Carmelites, as name which means " without shoes" in reference to the order's vow of poverty and return to the original rule of the Carmelites, one of the strictest of the monastic rules.
  • Introduction to the Devout Life
    :
    (n.): The influential book written by St. Francis De Sales in 1609 aimed at helping people achieve holiness in everyday life.
  • Congregation of the Mission
    :
    (n.): A Roman Catholic order of priests devoted to serving the poor, founded by St. Vincent De Paul in France in 1625. Commonly known as the Vincentians.
  • Daughters of Charity
    :
    (n.): A Roman Catholic order of women religious focused on service to the poo founded by St. Vincent De Paul and St. Louise de Marillac in France in 1633.
  • Baroque
    :
    (adj.): In the style of 17th-18th century artistic expression (such as architecture, art, and music) characterized by ornate detail, complexity, bold ornamentation, and dramatic tension.
  • Defenestration of Prague
    :
    (n.): The 1618 altercation which sparked what became known as the Thirty Years War: a group of Protestants in Prague threw the Holy Roman Emperor's representatives out a window to their deaths.
  • Thirty Years’ War
    :
    (n.): A European war which lasted from 1618-1648 among all the German states, as well as Spain, France, Denmark, Sweden, Austria, and others. The sides of the war were drawn between Protestants and Catholics but the real conflict was fought over political power rather than differences of religion.
  • Peace of Westphalia
    :
    (n.): Treaty which ended the Thirty Years' War and established certain principles of international law related to national sovereignty. It also paved the way for limited religious toleration in Europe, which contributed to Enlightenment philosophies that misunderstood religion as a private matter.

    • Plan

    Chapter Powerpoint
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    Vocabulary Review
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    Vocabulary Review Answer Key
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    Teach

    Beauty and the Baroque Comparison
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    Christ Driving the Money-Changers from the Temple (ca. 1610)
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    Crucifixion of Saint Peter (ca. 1600)
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    Last Supper (ca. 1896)
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