Full access is limited to those who have purchased Spirit of Truth, High School

Requested Access before? Click here to login before requesting again

 
 
 

Lesson 8

The Catholic Church and Protestant Christians

The Protestant Reformation was sparked by Augustinian priest Martin Luther. More movements of reform and schism quickly swept across Europe and, as time went on, throughout the United States.

Lesson Vocabulary

  • Protestantism
    :
    (n.): The general term for the many denominations of Christianity which arose "in protest" from the Reformation onward. While there is great variation among these ecclesiastical communities on a great many matters, all reject the authority of the pope and lack apostolic succession.
  • Protestant Reformation
    :
    (n.): A 16th century revolt began by Martin Luther that divided and eventually splintered Christianity. Many Christian churches, which are known as Protestant churches or denominations, formed as a result of this split. Though Jesus desires that His Church be one, all baptized Christians are brothers and sisters in Christ.
  • Simony
    :
    (n.): The sin of selling religious offices or sacred things.
  • Fifth Lateran Council
    :
    (n.): The ecumenical council called in 1512 by Pope Julius II in an attempt to correct the abuses which led to the Protestant Reformation.
  • Indulgence
    :
    (n.): A partial or complete remission of the temporal punishment due to sins which have already been forgiven. The Church dispenses indulgences under certain conditions from the stored treasure house of satisfaction gained by Christ and the saints. The faithful can gain indulgences for themselves or for those who have already died.
  • Edict of Worms
    :
    (n.): The decree issued by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V declaring Martin Luther to be a heretic and an outlaw, and banning his writings.
  • Apocrypha
    :
    (n.): The title given by Martin Luther to the seven books of the Bible he considered to be of doubtful origin and which he did not consider to be part of the inspired canon of Scripture. From a Greek word meaning “to hide away.”
  • Deuterocanonical Books
    :
    (n.): Those seven books of the Old Testament and parts of the books of Esther and Daniel that are not considered by most Protestants to be inspired writings, (while remaining valuable for their historical, spiritual, and theological significance). However, these books have always been a part of the Greek version of the Old Testament used by the early Church and were affirmed by the Council of Trent to be inspired writings and part of the traditional canon of Scripture. Deutercanonical is Latin for “of the second canon.”
  • Augsburg Confession
    :
    (n.): The statement of the Lutheran faith composed by Martin Luther and theologian Philip Melanchthon.
  • Lutherans
    :
    (n.): Adherents of the Protesant denomination founded by Martin Luther: Lutheranism.
  • Transubstantiation
    :
    (n.): The word used to describe the changing of the bread and wine during Mass into the Body and Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus Christ.
  • Sola Fide
    :
    (n.): The belief that we are saved through faith alone, and that our willing cooperation with God’s grace plays no role in our salvation. This belief is held by most non-Catholic Christian churches. Latin for “faith alone.”
  • Sola Scriptura
    :
    (n.): The belief that the Bible is the only source of divine revelation held by most non-Catholic Christian churches. Latin for “by Scripture alone.”
  • Consubstantiation
    :
    (n.): The Lutheran teaching on the Eucharist that Christ is substantially present along with the substances of bread and wine. From the Latin prefix con-, or with.
  • Double Predestination
    :
    (n.): The inevitable conclusion flowing from the Calvinist teaching on free will: Since God predetermines certain people to go to Heaven, then He necessarily predetermines some people to go to Hell.
  • Anglican Church
    :
    (n.): The Church of England was founded in 1534, when Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy establishing King Kenry VIII and his heirs as head of the Church in that realm.
  • Denominations
    :
    (n.): Ecclesiastical communities or distinct subgroups within a Protestant tradition or other world religion.
  • Christian Fundamentalism
    :
    (n.): A movement within various Protestant Christian denominations that originated as a reaction to perceived theological liberalism, that emphasizes the fundamentals of the Christian faith as an antidote to theological errors. Christian fundamentalists insist on a literalistic interpretation of the Bible. Evangelical Christianity (n.): Term describing Christians of various denominations who emphasize the need to be “born again,” the authority of the Bible, and Christ’s command to preach the Gospel.
  • Evangelical Christianity
    :
    (n.): Term describing Christians of various denominations who emphasize the need to be “born again,” the authority of the Bible, and Christ’s command to preach the Gospel.
  • Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification
    :
    (n.): A document explaining basic commonality between Catholic and Lutheran theologies of justification issued by the Pontifical Countil for Promoting Christian Unity and the Lutheran World Foundation in 1999.
  • Get Support for Your Classroom

    Getting Started

    Learn how to use Sophia Teachers curricula with our video guides

    Join a Webinar

    Join one of our monthly scheduled webinars to support your classroom

    Schedule a Call

    Get personalized support with one of our education support specialists

    ×
    Event: Registration and login form

    Enter Your Password