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Lesson 4

Jesus Fulfills the Old Testament Role of Priest

Jesus fulfills the priesthood of the Old Testament and of Melchizedek by offering Himself on the Cross for the sins of all.

Lesson Vocabulary

  • Priest
    :
    Co-workers with their bishops who serve the faithful by building up and guiding the Church. Priests preach the Gospel of Christ and act in the person of Christ when they administer the Sacraments to the People of God, especially the Holy Eucharist. The task of a priest in the Old Testament was to guard and protect God’s dwelling place, the tabernacle, and to serve Him.
  • Prophet
    :
    In the Old Testament, the prophets were God’s spokespersons who made known God’s message to His people. They proclaimed hope and salvation to the people if they would repent and worship God. Jesus fulfills this role not by speaking for God, but because He is God. He did God’s will throughout His life and spoke God’s truth to the people. He revealed God to the people and taught about God’s law and love. (2) One of the original roles God gave to Adam in the Garden of Eden. The task of a prophet in the Old Testament was to speak on God’ behalf and be His spokesperson. Adam was given the job of naming all of the animals, a right reserved for their creator. Adam, then, was God’s spokesperson and acted as the first prophet.
  • King
    :
    In the Old Testament, kings were to rule justly according to the law of God. They were to lead His people into relationship with God and right worship of Him. Jesus fulfills this role by establishing the Kingdom of God on earth and by teaching the law of God by which all will be judged. Jesus taught us to love God and to love our neighbor, He gave us the Beatitudes to teach us how to be happy or fulfilled in the Kingdom, and He taught us the works of mercy as the way to live out the law of God in His Kingdom. One of the original roles God gave to Adam in the Garden of Eden. A king has dominion, or rules over, his kingdom and its subjects. God gave Adam dominion over all of creation. Adam, then, was the first king.
  • Dominion
    :
    Authority or rule. Kings have authority and rule over the kingdoms and subjects. Adam was given dominion over all of creation.
  • Sacrifice
    :
    In ancient times, people offered the life of an animal to God as way to praise God by, to give thanks to God, to honor a new beginning or to swear an oath, or as an expression of sorrow for sin. The original Passover required the sacrifice of a lamb. Jesus offered Himself as the supreme sacrifice to redeem all people from sin. (561, 1407)
  • Melchizedek
    :
    A priest and king of Salem whom Abraham meets in the Old Testament. He offers Abraham a sacrificial blessing in the form of a sacred meal of bread and wine. This sacrifice will later become the foundation of the thank offering in the Temple of Solomon and the sacrifice of Christ offered at the Last Supper and which we receive today at every Mass.
  • Old Covenant
    :
    All the ways that God revealed Himself to us in Salvation History in order to prepare us for salvation. The story of the Old Covenant is found in the Old Testament.
  • Mediator
    :
    The person God chose to represent all those entering into a covenant with Him. Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, and Jesus Christ are the mediators of the primary covenants throughout Salvation History.
  • Holy Orders
    :
    The Sacrament through which the mission entrusted by Christ to His Apostles continues to be carried out in the Church until the end of time. This Sacrament ordains men to the priesthood of the Catholic Church and bestows upon them the power to administer the Sacraments.
  • In Persona Christi Capitis
    :
    Latin for “in the Person of Christ the Head.” This phrase refers to the priest, through whom Jesus works to change the bread and wine into His Body and Blood.
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